Identity theft is when someone steals your personal information and then uses it to commit fraud. They may access your Social Security or Medicare number, employee ID, utility, credit card or bank account numbers. Once the scammer has this information, he can conduct all kinds of crimes, such as withdraw assets from your accounts, open and close accounts in your name, take out loans or new lines of credit in your name, and even impersonate you if they get arrested – leaving you with a criminal record you may not even know about.

How Do Scammers Steal Your Identity?

Whereas scammers used to rummage through trash cans; today they can hack into your emails, social media, and personal accounts. That’s because we conduct so many of our transactions online now, they don’t even need to be physically present to take something from you.

Today, your data – contact information (e.g., phone number, email, address) and account numbers (e.g., financial, Social Security, employment ID) are all commodities that are bought and sold by both legitimate and illicit entities. Even the most harmless retail outlets solicit information, like your email and phone number in exchange for a 15 percent discount or free shipping. They can use this information for their own purposes and/or sell compiled lists to whoever will pay for it. The more you freely put your information out there, the higher your risk of identity theft or other forms of fraud.

Warning Signs

Paid Actors: Scammers may contact you directly via phone, email or text about a security breach or an offer you can’t refuse. They are professionals – they do this all day, every day, and know how to sound convincing. They may even trick you into giving out personal details (e.g., what’s your husband’s name? Are your parents still alive? How old is your daughter?) without you even realizing it.

Check Your Trust Instinct: Most people have an innate instinct to believe in the good of others, particularly those entrusted with our assets. That’s why when your bank calls, you become immediately concerned and receptive to their efforts to protect you. However, do not trust automatically and always verify.

Move Your Money: Let’s say someone from your bank calls and says they detected an unusually large transaction from your account. They may suggest you call your bank directly to stop the transaction and give you the local number to call. When you call, you may simply reach another scammer. They will often recommend you transfer your assets to a new account and close the old one to prevent fraudulent transactions by having a new account number – which the scammer will also have. If you are asked to move your funds to another account, this is a red flag.

SIM Swapping: If your phone stops working for no apparent reason, it’s possible your SIM card (or e-SIM) has been stolen. This is the memory chip found in phones, tablets, and smartwatches that stores your contact information, text messages, and passwords. It is incredibly valuable to scammers because it can enable them to log into your financial accounts. Even if you use two-factor authentication, he can intercept the code sent to your phone to verify your identity. He can then drain your assets, make unauthorized purchases on your debit and credit cards, and even lock you out of your own social media accounts by changing your passwords. Remember, immediately contact your carrier if your phone stops working. This may indicate that your phone number has been reassigned to another SIM.

How To Stop Today’s Scammers

The quicker you detect the problem, the faster you can shut it down and the less damage can be done to your personal and financial circumstances. Consider these tips:

• Put a freeze on your credit report with each of the three (3) credit reporting agencies – Equifax, Experian and TransUnion. You can unfreeze them any time you apply for new credit.
• Request fraud alerts from any of the three credit bureaus.
• Check your three (3) credit reports and your credit score every year for any changes or unfamiliar accounts.
• Never invest based on the advice of someone you’ve only encountered online.
• Add a trusted contact to your financial accounts, whom your financial firm may contact if you appear to be making unusual transactions.
• Passwords are the bane of modern-day technology. One way to minimize how many you have to keep changing is to add multifactor authentication – a two-step process that requires you to enter a unique code sent via email or text message each time you log in to an online account.
• Monitor your account activity. If you still get statements by mail, be sure to read them every month. If you do all your transactions online, review them at least once a month to ensure there are no unexplained charges.

And finally, if you ever have an encounter with a scammer, share your experience with your friends, colleagues, and family members. This is particularly helpful for older folks, who are less familiar with how technology is used these days. We tend to live in a bubble and assume our assets and our identity are safe since no one we know has ever been victimized. But in fact, some people keep quiet because they are embarrassed. Don’t be. Share your story with friends; spread the word so others are more aware and more vigilant. Fraud and identity theft can happen to anyone.